Rashidun Caliphate Timeline

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632 - 634

Abu Bakr becomes the first caliph (successor to Muhammad) of the Rashidun Caliphate.
634 - 644

Umar ibn al-Khattab succeeds Abu Bakr, becoming the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.
634

Battle of Ajnadayn; a decisive victory for the Rashidun Caliphate.
634

Damascus falls to the Rashidun Caliphate.
635

Battle of Fahl; the forces of the Rashidun Caliphate defeat the Palestinean garrison of the Byzantine Empire.
15 Aug 636 - 20 Aug 636

Battle of Yarmuk is fought between the Rashidun Caliphate and the Byzantine Empire.
20 Aug 636

Rashidun forces defeat the Byzantines in the Battle of Yarmouk.
637

Muslim invasion of the Levant. The Byzantines are driven out.
640 - 650

The Rashidun Caliphate conquers Armenia.
642

Byzantine Alexandria falls to the Rashidun Caliphate.
644 - 656

Uthman ibn 'Affan succeeds Umar to become the third caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.
649

The Rashidun Caliphate attacks Byzantine Cyprus.
651

Arab Rashidun Caliphate conquers the Sasanian Empire.
654

Byzantine Crete, Kos and Rhodes fall to the Rashidun Caliphate.
656 - 661

Ali ibn Abi Talib succeeds Uthman to become the fourth and final caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.
659

A peace treaty is signed between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate.

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