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Kartli/Iberia Coins with a Cross & Altar
Silver. The weights range from 2,44 gr. to 3,23 gr. d= 26/27-29/30 mm. Obverse: Ohrmazd IV to the right. Legend in Pehlevi: hrm – aphzu (Ohrmazd Augustus). This is placed within onefold circle of the dots. Reverse: Cross on altar...
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Kartli/Iberia. Prince Gurgen’s Drachms
Silver. The weights range from 2,70gr. to 2,98 gr. d=26/28-28/31mm. Obverse: Ohrmazd IV to the right. Legend in Pehlevi: hrm – aphzu (Ohrmazd Augustus). This is placed within onefold circle of the dots. Above two Asomtavruli letters...
Definition
Peninsular War
The Peninsular War (1807-1814), also known as the War of Spanish Independence, was a major conflict of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) that was waged in the Iberian Peninsula by Portugal, Spain, and the United Kingdom against the invading...
Definition
Carthago Nova
Carthago Nova (modern-day Cartagena) was a city on the southern Iberian Peninsula, Spain, originally known as Mastia. Human habitation of the region predates the Neolithic Period, but the area around the site of Carthago Nova seems to have...
Definition
Second Crusade
The Second Crusade (1147-1149 CE) was a military campaign organised by the Pope and European nobles to recapture the city of Edessa in Mesopotamia which had fallen in 1144 CE to the Muslim Seljuk Turks. Despite an army of 60,000 and the presence...
Definition
Reconquista
The Reconquista (Reconquest) or Iberian Crusades were military campaigns largely conducted between the 11th and 13th century CE to liberate southern Portuguese and Spanish territories, then known as al-Andalus, from the Muslim Moors who had...
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The Caucasus after the Peace of Nisibis, c. 300 CE
A map illustrating the Caucasian states after the First Peace of Nisibis in 299 CE depicts a period of geopolitical stability and well-defined borders between the Roman and Sassanid Empires. This treaty, aimed at settling disputes and establishing...
Interview
Interview: Numantia - Recreating the Ancient Iberian World
RECOTechnology is a small game-developer studio based in Madrid, Spain. Their latest video game - Numantia - allows players to explore the conflicts between the ancient Iberians and ancient Romans. James Blake Wiener of Ancient History Encyclopedia...
Definition
Saguntum
Saguntum (modern Sagunto), located near Valencia in Spain, was an Iberian, and then Roman, settlement. The town's most dramatic moment in history came in the late 3rd century BCE when it was attacked by Hannibal, an act which famously sparked...
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Roman Empire in 117 CE
Map of the Roman Empire at its maximum extent in 117 CE, under the rule of Trajan.