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1100 CE
1200 CE
1300 CE
1400 CE
1500 CE
1600 CE
1100 CE: Timbuktu in West Africa is founded by Tuaregs.
1240 CE - 1645 CE: The Mali Empire rules in West Africa.
1352 CE: The Muslim traveller Ibn Battuta visits the Mali Empire, including Timbuktu.
1460 CE - 1591 CE: The Songhai Empire dominates the West African savannah.
1469 CE: King Sunni Ali of the Songhai Empire takes control of Timbuktu.